Arun Veerappan

Bernstein Autonomous LLP (dba Autonomous Research) is an investment research firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 2009 and is a subsidiary of Sanford C. Bernstein (Autonomous UK) 1 Ltd., ultimately owned by Equitable Holdings, Inc. (NYSE: EQH) in the US. Autonomous Research provides fundamental analysis and thematic work on financial companies globally. Their clients are large institutional investors along with private equity firms, regulators, financial advisors and corporations who value the firm's research for its in-depth, intellectual approach and high quality.

Merrill Lynch International (MLI-UK) is a brokerage firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1988 and is a subsidiary of ML UK Capital Holdings Ltd., ultimately owned by Bank of America Corp. (NYSE: BAC) in the US. MLI-UK provides brokerage services to individual and retail clients.

AllianceBernstein Ltd. (ABL) is the Great Britain-based, global investment management subsidiary of AllianceBernstein Preferred Ltd., ultimately held by Equitable Holdings, Inc. (NYSE: EQH) in the US. Headquartered in London, the firm was founded in 1990 by David Andrew Steyn. ABL provides investment management and research services to public and private sector institutional clients, retirement and pension funds, banks, insurance companies and high-net worth individuals. They offer a family of globally distributed mutual fund portfolios across all major investment disciplines. The firm is a signatory to the UN Principles of Responsible Investment (UNPRI) and integrates ESG issues into their investment processes.

La Pietra Capital is a British company that prioritizes sustainability as its core principle. The private company believes in taking on major risks to drive innovation. The company was founded by Olivier Vincent Sami Khatib.

HSBC Bank Plc (Broker) (HSBC Bank-Broker) is the broker/dealer division of HSBC Bank Plc, which is owned by HSBC Holdings Plc (LON: HSBA; NYSE: HSBC) in Great Britain. Headquartered in London, HSBC Bank-Broker was founded in 1880 and offers bespoke brokerage services across every major asset class for their corporate and institutional clients.

Joh. Berenberg, Gossler & Co. KG (United Kingdom) (Berenberg-UK) is the Great Britain-based broker/dealer division of Joh. Berenberg, Gossler & Co. KG, a multinational full-service investment bank in Germany. Headquartered in London, Berenberg-UK was founded in 2003 and provides trading and brokerage services to institutional and corporate clients.

UBS AG (London Branch) is the Great Britain-based brokerage subsidiary of UBS AG, ultimately held by UBS Group AG (SWX: UBSG) in Switzerland. Headquartered in London, the firm was founded in 1998 and provides nimble, innovative and bespoke access to solutions, from market and insight tools, to trading strategies and execution for private, institutional and corporate clients worldwide, as well as private clients in Switzerland. They distribute, trade, finance and clear cash equity and equity-linked products. The firm also structures, originates and distributes new equity and equity-linked issues.

AE Continuation LLP is a US equity brokerage firm headquartered in London, UK. Formerly known as Hispaniola LLP and as Atlantic Equities LLP, the firm was founded in 2003 by Christopher Middleton, Hamilton Faber, Keely Oliver, Marlus McNally and Vernon Golding. They were acquired by Redburn (Europe) Ltd. in 2023 and change their name to AE Continuation LLP.

Lloyds Development Capital (Holdings) Ltd. (LDC) is a private equity firm founded in 1981. The firm is headquartered in London, United Kingdom and is wholly owned by LBG Equity Investments Ltd.

AllianceBernstein LP (AB) is a SEC-registered investment advisor and mutual fund manager headquartered in Nashville, Tennessee. Founded in 2000, the firm is owned by Equitable Financial Life Insurance Co., ultimately held by Equitable Holdings, Inc. (NYSE: EQH). AB provides investment advice to investment companies, pension and profit-sharing plans, banks and thrift institutions, trusts, estates, government agencies, charitable organizations, individuals, corporations and other business entities.

Jefferies International Ltd. (JIL) is a brokerage firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a subsidiary of Jefferies Holdings II Ltd., ultimately held by Jefferies Financial Group, Inc. (NYSE: JEF) in the US. JIL provides broking services to various investors.

Sanford C. Bernstein (Hong Kong) Ltd. (Bernstein HK) is an investment research firm headquartered in Hong Kong. The firm was founded in 2010 and is a subsidiary of AllianceBernstein International LLC, itself a subsidiary of Equitable Holdings, Inc. (NYSE: EQH) in the US. Bernstein HK delivers sell-side, fundamental research and execution services to institutional clients globally.

Sanford C. Bernstein & Co. LLC is a registered broker-dealer headquartered in New York City. The firm was founded in 1967 and is a subsidiary of Alliance Capital Management LLC, ultimately held by Equitable Holdings, Inc. (NYSE: EQH). Sanford C. Bernstein & Co. provides trading and executions services to their clients.

Nomura International Plc provides a variety of financial services including advisement, investment banking and asset management. It trades in and sells fixed income and equity products, including related derivatives; and provides investment banking services, and corporate finance and private equity services. The company is also involved in asset and principal finance business. It offers investment advisory and management, custody, and employment services. Nomura International was founded in 1981 and is headquartered in London, the United Kingdom.

Sanford C. Bernstein (Schweiz) GmbH (SCB Broker) is the brokerage subsidiary of Allicanbernstein International LLC, which is ultimately held by Equitable Holdings, Inc. (NYSE: EQH). The firm is headquartered in Zurich, Switzerland and was founded in 2010. SCB Broker provides brokerage services to their clients.

JPMorgan Securities Plc is a brokerage firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1992 and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of JP Morgan Capital Holdings Ltd., ultimately owned by JPMorgan Chase & Co. (NYSE: JPM) in the US. JPMorgan Securities provides market research, proprietary pricing data and analytics, and trade execution across multiple asset classes such as credit, equities and FX. They help institutional investors, traditional and alternative asset and fund managers, broker dealers and equity issuers meet the demands of changing markets.