Günter Blobel

National Academy of Sciences operates as a private, nongovernmental institution that advises on issues related to science and technology. It provides independent, objective analysis and advice and conducts other activities to solve complex problems and inform public policy decisions. The firm also encourages education and research, recognize outstanding contributions to knowledge, and increase public understanding in matters of science. The company was founded on March 3, 1863 and is headquartered in Washington, DC.

Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Inc. engages in the provision of biomedical research services and science education programs. It funds grants to both institutions and individuals in support of a wide range of science and research-related initiatives, including precollege and undergraduate science education, pre- and post-doctoral research fellowships, and international research activities. The company was founded by Howard R. Hughes in 1953 and is headquartered in Chevy Chase, MD.