Muhammad Yunus
Fondateur chez Grameen Telecom Corp.
Profil
A 70 ans, Muhammad Yunus est un économiste et un entrepreneur bangladeshi renommé. Surnommé le "banquier des pauvres", il a fondé la première institution de microcrédit, la Grameen Bank. Ce concept lui a valu le Prix Nobel de la paix en 2006.
Il est le troisième enfant d'une famille relativement aisée de quatorze enfants. Il passe les premières années dans son village natal puis sa famille s'installe en 1947 à Chittagong, la seconde ville du Bangladesh, où son père tient une bijouterie.
Scolarisé à l'école primaire Lamabazar et au Chittagong Collegiate School, le jeune Yunus fait partie des boyscouts. Grâce aux rassemblements internationaux des boyscouts, il découvre l'Europe, le Japon, les Philippines et visite le Moyen-Orient et l'Amérique du Nord.
En 1957, il s'inscrit en économie à l'université de Dhaka et obtient son Bachelor of Arts en 1960 et son Master of Arts l'année suivante. Puis il devient enseignant en économie au Chittagong College.
À 21 ans, il se fait entrepreneur, en mettant sur pied la première usine high-tech d'emballage et d'impression du Pakistan oriental. L'affaire est une réussite mais il abandonne la gestion à ses deux frères et part préparer un doctorat aux Etats-Unis.
Après une maîtrise à l'université du Colorado, Yunus s'inscrit en thèse à l'université privée Vanderbilt dans le Tenessee. Il y rencontre sa première femme, une jeune américaine d'origine russe, Vera Forostenko. Ils se marient en 1970. Sept ans plus tard, naît leur première fille Monica.
En 1980, Muhammad Yunus divorce et se remarie avec Afrozi Yunus, une professeur de physique de l'université de Jahangirnagar, avec qui il a eu sa seconde fille, Dina Yunus.
Une fois docteur en économie, il obtient un poste à la Middle Tennessee State University. Lorsque la guerre de libération du Bangladesh éclate, Muhammad Yunus décide de soutenir les indépendantistes.
En 1971, l'indépendance du Bangladesh est proclamée et Yunus préfère retourner dans son pays, quitte à abandonner son poste de professeur d'université aux Etats-Unis. Il devient responsable du département d'économie de l'Université de Chittagong. Devant la famine qui frappe le pays, il décide de s'intéresser au mode de vie misérable des villageois vivant à proximité de l'université.
Avec des étudiants, il crée un groupe de "recherche-action", dont les premiers travaux porteront sur des questions agronomiques. Le jeune professeur d'économie comprend qu'une grande partie des problèmes rencontrés par les paysans pauvres sont liées à leurs difficultés d'accès à des capitaux. C'est ainsi que Yunus en vient à proposer un premier "micro-prêt" (entre 30 et 50 dollars) à quelques dizaines d'habitants du village, en utilisant son propre argent.
L'effet de ces prêts s'avère rapidement très positif sur la situation matérielle des bénéficiaires et ces derniers remboursent sans difficulté leur bailleur de fonds. Muhammad Yunus décide alors de créer son propre programme. Celui-ci est officiellement mis en place en 1977, sous le nom de « Grameen » ("grameen" signifie village).
C'est un succès immédiat, au Bangladesh tout d'abord, où la « Grameen » obtient le statut d'établissement bancaire en 1983, puis dans d'autres pays où le « modèle » s'exporte à partir de 1989.
Dernières actualités sur Muhammad Yunus
Postes actifs de Muhammad Yunus
| Sociétés | Poste | Début |
|---|---|---|
Grameen Telecom Corp.
 Grameen Telecom Corp. Wireless TelecommunicationsCommunications Grameen Telecom Corp. provides cellular mobile phones to the villagers. Its product Village Phone, offers telecommunication services to the rural people in Bangladesh. The company was founded by Muhammad Yunus in 1995 and is headquartered in Dhaka, Bangladesh. | Fondateur | 01/01/2005 |
Grameen Intel Social Business Ltd.
 Grameen Intel Social Business Ltd. Packaged SoftwareTechnology Services Grameen Intel Social Business Ltd. develops and provides software applications that address specific social problems such as low agriculture output or lack of pre-natal care. It provides IT solutions for rural entrepreneurs who provide a service using computing technology in their local communities. The company was founded in 2009 and is headquartered in Dhaka, Bangladesh. | Directeur/Membre du Conseil | 06/09/2011 |
Grameen America, Inc.
 Grameen America, Inc. Finance/Rental/LeasingFinance Grameen America, Inc. is a nonprofit microfinance organization that aims to help women living in poverty by assisting them in building small businesses to improve their lives and support their families. Since its establishment in January 2008, Grameen America has invested over $1.5 billion in more than 132,000 low-income women entrepreneurs. The organization provides access to affordable loan capital, financial education, asset- and credit-building, and peer support to empower communities and promote financial mobility. Grameen America operates in 27 cities across the United States, including New York, NY. The non-profit company was founded by Muhammad Yunus and Thomas Andrew Hiatt, and Andrea Jung has been the CEO since 2014. | Fondateur | - |
Grameen Trust
 Grameen Trust Investment Trusts/Mutual FundsMiscellaneous Grameen Trust operates as a trust. It is a non-profit and non-government organization committed to the cause of poverty alleviation. The firm supports, promotes and implements poverty focused microfinance, social business and other programs around the world. The company also provides training and technical assistance to microfinance organizations and social business initiatives. Grameen Trust was founded by Muhammad Yunus in 1989 and is headquartered in Dhaka, Bangladesh. | Fondateur | 01/01/1989 |
Grameen Knitwear Ltd.
 Grameen Knitwear Ltd. TextilesProcess Industries Grameen Knitwear Ltd. exports knitting and other textile products. It offers ladies T-shirts, fitness shirt, children sports set, noble polo shirt, Ladies tan top, biker under set, sports shirt and elegant t-shirts. The company was founded on November 5, 1997 and is headquartered in Dhaka, Bangladesh. | Président | - |
Grameen Solutions Ltd.
 Grameen Solutions Ltd. Packaged SoftwareTechnology Services Grameen Solutions Ltd. provides software, application development, and outsourcing services. Its products include hospital management software, education management system, garments solutions, task management and transport management system, and information technology auditing. The company was founded by Muhammad Yunus in 1999 and is headquartered in Dhaka, Bangladesh. | Fondateur | 01/01/1999 |
Grameen Crédit Agricole Microfinance Foundation SA
 Grameen Crédit Agricole Microfinance Foundation SA Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Grameen Crédit Agricole Microfinance Foundation SA operates as an organization which provides financial support to microfinance institutions. The company was founded in September 2008 and is headquartered in Luxembourg. | Directeur/Membre du Conseil | - |
Grameen Foundation (Australia) Ltd.
 Grameen Foundation (Australia) Ltd. Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Grameen Foundation (Australia) Ltd. provides social services. It offers social business programs, developing and operating microfinance programs. The company was founded by Muhammad Yunus in 1998 and is headquartered in Rozelle, Australia. | Fondateur | 01/01/1988 |
| Sing For Hope, Inc. | Directeur/Membre du Conseil | - |
Anciens postes connus de Muhammad Yunus
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Formation de Muhammad Yunus
| Vanderbilt University | Doctorate Degree |
| University of Dhaka | Graduate Degree |
Expériences
Fonctions occupées
Relations
Relations au 1er degré
Entreprises liées au 1er degré
Homme
Femme
Administrateurs
Exécutifs
Sociétés liées
| Entreprise privées | 14 |
|---|---|
Grameen Telecom Corp.
Grameen Telecom Corp. Wireless TelecommunicationsCommunications Grameen Telecom Corp. provides cellular mobile phones to the villagers. Its product Village Phone, offers telecommunication services to the rural people in Bangladesh. The company was founded by Muhammad Yunus in 1995 and is headquartered in Dhaka, Bangladesh. | Communications |
Grameen Foundation USA
 Grameen Foundation USA Services to the Health IndustryHealth Services Grameen Foundation USA provides microfinance to aid underprivileged communities. It offers access to essential financial services and information on agriculture, health, and assistance. The company was founded by Alex Counts in 1997 and is headquartered in Washington, DC. | Health Services |
Grameen Capital Management Ltd.
 Grameen Capital Management Ltd. Investment Banks/BrokersFinance Part of Grameen Bank, Grameen Capital Management Ltd. is a brokerage services provider. The company is based in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The Bangladeshi company was founded in 1998 by Muhammad Yunus. | Finance |
Better World Fund, Inc.
 Better World Fund, Inc. Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Better World Fund, Inc. supports charitable causes. It builds and implements public-private partnerships to address problems and works to support for the UN through advocacy and public outreach. The company was founded in 1998 and is headquartered in Washington, DC. | Commercial Services |
Grameen Bank
 Grameen Bank Major BanksFinance Grameen Bank provides banking services. The company was founded by Muhammad Yunus in 1983 and is headquartered in Dhaka, Bangladesh. | Finance |
Grameen Intel Social Business Ltd.
Grameen Intel Social Business Ltd. Packaged SoftwareTechnology Services Grameen Intel Social Business Ltd. develops and provides software applications that address specific social problems such as low agriculture output or lack of pre-natal care. It provides IT solutions for rural entrepreneurs who provide a service using computing technology in their local communities. The company was founded in 2009 and is headquartered in Dhaka, Bangladesh. | Technology Services |
United Nations Foundation
 United Nations Foundation Investment Trusts/Mutual FundsMiscellaneous United Nations Foundation provides advocacy, grant making and partnership services to the United Nations. It builds and implements public-private partnerships to address problems and provide support to the United Nations. The company was founded in 1998 and is headquartered in Washington, DC. | Miscellaneous |
Grameen America, Inc.
Grameen America, Inc. Finance/Rental/LeasingFinance Grameen America, Inc. is a nonprofit microfinance organization that aims to help women living in poverty by assisting them in building small businesses to improve their lives and support their families. Since its establishment in January 2008, Grameen America has invested over $1.5 billion in more than 132,000 low-income women entrepreneurs. The organization provides access to affordable loan capital, financial education, asset- and credit-building, and peer support to empower communities and promote financial mobility. Grameen America operates in 27 cities across the United States, including New York, NY. The non-profit company was founded by Muhammad Yunus and Thomas Andrew Hiatt, and Andrea Jung has been the CEO since 2014. | Finance |
Grameen Trust
Grameen Trust Investment Trusts/Mutual FundsMiscellaneous Grameen Trust operates as a trust. It is a non-profit and non-government organization committed to the cause of poverty alleviation. The firm supports, promotes and implements poverty focused microfinance, social business and other programs around the world. The company also provides training and technical assistance to microfinance organizations and social business initiatives. Grameen Trust was founded by Muhammad Yunus in 1989 and is headquartered in Dhaka, Bangladesh. | Miscellaneous |
Grameen Knitwear Ltd.
Grameen Knitwear Ltd. TextilesProcess Industries Grameen Knitwear Ltd. exports knitting and other textile products. It offers ladies T-shirts, fitness shirt, children sports set, noble polo shirt, Ladies tan top, biker under set, sports shirt and elegant t-shirts. The company was founded on November 5, 1997 and is headquartered in Dhaka, Bangladesh. | Process Industries |
Grameen Solutions Ltd.
Grameen Solutions Ltd. Packaged SoftwareTechnology Services Grameen Solutions Ltd. provides software, application development, and outsourcing services. Its products include hospital management software, education management system, garments solutions, task management and transport management system, and information technology auditing. The company was founded by Muhammad Yunus in 1999 and is headquartered in Dhaka, Bangladesh. | Technology Services |
Grameen Crédit Agricole Microfinance Foundation SA
Grameen Crédit Agricole Microfinance Foundation SA Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Grameen Crédit Agricole Microfinance Foundation SA operates as an organization which provides financial support to microfinance institutions. The company was founded in September 2008 and is headquartered in Luxembourg. | Commercial Services |
Grameen Foundation (Australia) Ltd.
Grameen Foundation (Australia) Ltd. Miscellaneous Commercial ServicesCommercial Services Grameen Foundation (Australia) Ltd. provides social services. It offers social business programs, developing and operating microfinance programs. The company was founded by Muhammad Yunus in 1998 and is headquartered in Rozelle, Australia. | Commercial Services |
| Sing For Hope, Inc. |
