Edward Ritchie

State Street Bank & Trust Co. (SSBT) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. The firm was founded in 1792 and is owned by State Street Corp. (NYSE: STT). SSBT serves as the administrator, fund accountant and transfer agent for the WisdomTree Bitcoin Fund, an exchange-traded fund.

Hermes Investment Management Ltd. (HIML) is an asset management firm headquartered in London, UK. They are a subsidiary of Federated Hermes Ltd., ultimately held by Federated Hermes, Inc. (NYSE: FHI) in the US. In 1990, the firm was founded as PostTel, subsequently changing their name to PosTel Financial Asset Management Ltd. They changed their name to Hermes Investment Management Ltd. in 1995. HIML provides discretionary and non-discretionary investment management services to institutional clients.

Manulife Investment Management (US) LLC (Manulife IM (US)) is a SEC-registered investment advisor headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. The firm was founded in 1968 and is a subsidiary of John Hancock Subsidiaries LLC, ultimately held by Manulife Financial Corp. (NYSE, TSX: MFC), a Canadian-based financial services firm. Manulife IM-US manages assets for a variety of institutional and other types of clients, such as public and private pension funds, foundations, mandatory provident funds outside the US, financial institutions, investment trusts, separately managed account clients, and high net-worth individuals. The firm also manages registered funds, which includes UCITS, US and Canadian open- and closed-end mutual funds and privately offered unregistered investment funds.

Banque Lombard Odier & Cie SA (Investment Management) (Lombard Odier-IM) is the investment management division of Banque Lombard Odier & Cie, a subsidiary of Compagnie Lombard Odier SCmA in Switzerland. The firm was founded in 2002 when Lombard Odier & Cie and Darier Hentsch & Cie. merged. They are headquartered in Geneva with branches and representative offices throughout Switzerland, Europe, the Americas, Asia Pacific and the Middle East. Lombard Odier-IM provides private banking and asset management services to institutions, family-owned businesses and high-net worth individuals. They also provide a range of support services for independent intermediaries.

Merrill Lynch International (MLI-UK) is a brokerage firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1988 and is a subsidiary of ML UK Capital Holdings Ltd., ultimately owned by Bank of America Corp. (NYSE: BAC) in the US. MLI-UK provides brokerage services to individual and retail clients.

abrdn Investment Management Ltd. (AIM) is the wholly-owned investment management subsidiary of Standard Life Investments Holdings Ltd., itself a wholly-owned subsidiary of abrdn Plc (LON: ABDN) in Great Britain. Formerly known as Standard Life Investments Ltd., the firm was founded in 1990 as the dedicated investment arm of the Standard Life group. Headquartered in Edinburgh, AIM is a socially responsible investor which offers Standard Life Ethical Funds for investors concerned about environmental and social issues. Their flagship is the UK Select Fund.

Citigroup Global Markets Ltd. (CGML) is an international broker-dealer firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1983 and is a subsidiary of Citigroup Global Markets Holdings Bahamas Ltd., ultimately held by Citigroup, Inc. (NYSE: C) in the US. CGML has a major presence in the international financial markets as a dealer, market-maker and underwriter in equity and fixed income securities and offers risk-based solutions to producers and investors in commodity markets. They also provide corporate finance services to a wide range of corporate, institutional and government clients. Their trading activities encompass cash, exchange traded and OTC derivative markets.

Gartmore Investment Management Ltd. provides investment products and services. The company was founded in 1969 and is headquartered in London, the United Kingdom.

Invesco Asset Management Ltd. (IAML) is the wholly-owned Great Britain-based investment management subsidiary of Invesco UK Ltd., itself a subsidiary of Invesco Ltd. (NYSE: IVZ) in the US. The firm was founded in 1969 as Cavalier Securities Ltd. and became Invesco Asset Management Ltd. in 1993. They are headquartered in Henley-on-Thames, Oxfordshire. IAML provides investment management services on both a discretionary and non-discretionary basis to pension and profit-sharing plans, educational institutions, investment companies, insurance companies, individuals and holding companies. The firm also acts as investment advisor for a number of mutual funds on a sub-advised basis.

Jupiter Asset Management Ltd. (JAM) is an investment management firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1985 and is a subsidiary of Jupiter Investment Management Group Ltd., ultimately owned by Jupiter Fund Management plc (LON: JUP). They were previously a subsidiary of Commerzbank AG until 2007 when their senior management acquired the firm through a management buyout. The firm offers a range of actively managed strategies available to UK and international clients including equities, fixed income, multi-asset and alternatives. JAM is a signatory on a number of key initiatives such as the UN Principles for Responsible Investment.

Morgan Stanley Investment Management Ltd. (MSIM) is an asset management firm headquartered in London, UK. Founded in 1986, the firm is a subsidiary of Morgan Stanley Investments (UK), ultimately held by Morgan Stanley (NYSE: MS) in the US. MSIM offers a range of investment and risk management solutions to institutional and professional investors worldwide.

Columbia Threadneedle (EM) Investments Ltd. (Columbia Threadneedle EMI) is a specialist fund management firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1995 and formerly known as LGM Investments Ltd. In 2021, they became a wholly owned subsidiary of Columbia Threadneedle Investments UK International Ltd., which is owned by Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (NYSE: AMP) in the US. The legal entity of LGM Investments Ltd. became Columbia Threadneedle (EM) Investments Ltd. in 2022. Columbia Threadneedle EMI provides a broad range of actively managed investment strategies and solutions for individual, institutional and corporate clients around the world.

Threadneedle Asset Management Ltd. (Threadneedle AM) is the wholly-owned global asset management subsidiary of TC Financing Ltd., ultimately held by Ameriprise Financial, Inc. (NYSE: AMP) in the US. Headquartered in London, the firm was founded in 1994 and manages assets for a range of clients which includes pension schemes, insurance companies, private investors and corporations. Threadneedle AM is a socially responsible investor which believes they have a responsibility to, and will benefit from, exercising environmental and social stewardship throughout their firm.

Manulife Investment Management (Hong Kong) Ltd. (Manulife-HK) is the Hong Kong-based, wholly-owned investment management subsidiary of Manulife Investment Management International Holdings Ltd., ultimately held by Manulife Financial Corp. (NYSE, TSE: MFC), a Canadian multinational insurance company and financial services provider headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. Founded in 2000, Manulife-HK provides investment management, fund management and advisory services to retail and institutional customers.

Part of NatWest Group Plc, Greenwich NatWest Ltd. is a British company that provides investment advice. The company is based in London, UK. The company was founded by Aidan McGettigan.

Schroder Investment Management (Japan) Ltd. (SIM-JP) is the investment management subsidiary of Schroder International Finance BV, ultimately owned by Schroders plc (LON: SDR, ADR: SHNWY) in Great Britain. Founded in 1985, the firm is headquartered in Tokyo and provides asset management services to private individuals and institutions. SIM-JP also manages a range of investment products and distributes products managed within the parent group. The firm is a responsible investor and signatory to the UN Principles for Responsible Investment (UN PRI).

Grant Thornton International Ltd. engages in the provision of business advisory services. It offers business risk and consulting, business process solutions, cybersecurity, forensic and investigation, mergers and acquisitions, recovery and reorganization, transactional advisory, and valuations services. The company was founded in 1980 and is headquartered in London, the United Kingdom.

University of Miami (Florida) is a private research university with students from around the world that is focused on teaching and learning, the discovery of new knowledge, and service to the South Florida region and beyond. The university was founded in 1925 and it is headquartered in Coral Gables, FL.

Joh. Berenberg, Gossler & Co. KG (United Kingdom) (Berenberg-UK) is the Great Britain-based broker/dealer division of Joh. Berenberg, Gossler & Co. KG, a multinational full-service investment bank in Germany. Headquartered in London, Berenberg-UK was founded in 2003 and provides trading and brokerage services to institutional and corporate clients.

Part of Renaissance Financial Holdings Ltd. /Bm/, Renaissance Capital Ltd. is a brokerage services provider. The company is based in London, UK. The British company was founded in 1995. Anthony Gerard Simone has been the CEO of the company since 2013.

Daiwa Asset Management (Europe) Ltd. (Daiwa AM-Europe) is the Great Britain-based investment management subsidiary of Daiwa Asset Management Co. Ltd., itself a wholly-owned subsidiary of Daiwa Securities Group Co. Ltd. (TYO: 8601) in Japan. The firm was founded in 1987 and conducts equity research with the Tokyo office (focusing on mid-cap companies in Western Europe), sub-advising portfolios for funds managed in Tokyo and domiciled in the Cayman Islands (specializing in fixed-income and commodities investments) and locally distributing investment trusts and other financial products managed within the group. Headquartered in London, Daiwa AM-Europe has retail investors as primary clients.

Jupiter Investment Management Group Ltd. provides investment management services. The firm operates as fund management group for private and institutional investors. The company was founded in 1985 and is based in London, the United Kingdom.

Lombard Odier Asset Management (Switzerland) SA (LOAM Switzerland) is an investment advisory subsidiary of Lombard Odier Investment Managers Holding SA, ultimately held by Compagnie Lombard Odier SCmA in Switzerland. Formerly known as 1798 Global Partners (Switzerland) SA, the firm was founded in 1972 by Aziz Nahas and Hubert Keller and changed their name to Lombard Odier Asset Management (Switzerland) in 2010. LOAM Switzerland is headquartered in Petit-Lancy, Geneva.

Lehman Brothers Europe Ltd. provides financial services to corporations, governments and municipalities, institutional clients, and high net worth individuals. The company is headquartered in London, UK.

Part of United Bank for Africa Plc, United Bank for Africa (UK) Ltd. is a brokerage services provider. The company is based in London, UK. The British company was founded in 1995. The CEO is Patrick Gutmann.

Ignis Investment Services Ltd. (IIS) is the asset management subsidiary of Ignis Asset Management Ltd., ultimately held by abrdn Plc (LON: ABDN, ADR: SLFPY) in Great Britain. Headquartered in Edinburgh, the firm was formed following the 2008 merger of Resolution Asset Management and Axial Investment Management. They can trace their origins since 1986. IIS offered tailor-made and pooled solutions for small- to medium-sized pension schemes. Their clients include large corporate pension schemes, charities and life companies along with other strategic partners. They cater to UK retail, institutional and international clients.

LGT Wealth Management UK LLP (LGT WM UK) is the wealth management subsidiary of LGT UK Holdings Ltd., which is owned by LGT Group Foundation (LGT) in Liechtenstein. Previously known as Vestra Wealth LLP and as LGT Vestra LLP, the firm was founded in 2007 by Matthew Evans, Andrew Sims, David Scott and Ben Snee. In June 2016, LGT owned by the Princely Family of Liechtenstein took a majority stake in the firm, primarily from external investors in the firm. In October 2020, LGT completed the acquisition by buying the remaining equity previously held by the executive partners of LGT WM UK. Headquartered in London, LGT WM UK provides wealth management services to private clients, companies, trusts, charities and financial intermediaries based predominately in the UK and the European Economic Area (EEA).

PIMCO Japan Ltd. is an investment management firm headquartered in Tokyo, Japan. The firm was founded in 1997 and formerly known as PIMCO Advisors Japan Ltd. They are a subsidiary of PIMCO Global Advisors LLC, which is ultimately owned by Allianz SE (ETR: ALV) in Germany. PIMCO Japan provides investment management and advisory services to various types of clients.

Musicians Benevolent Fund Ltd. was founded in 1930 and is based in London, UK. The British company is an independent charity that has been providing help, support, and opportunities to professional musicians for 100 years. The non-profit company offers a broad spectrum of assistance to musicians of all genres, from starting out through to retirement. In 2020, their coronavirus hardship funding reached more than 19,000 music creators struggling to make ends meet due to the impact of coronavirus and resulting lockdowns. The company is also associated with Sony Music Masterworks, which comprises various imprints. The company aims to create a world where musicians thrive and offer a platform for musicians to chat with their team, meet fellow musicians, and learn from industry professionals.

Jefferies International Ltd. (JIL) is a brokerage firm headquartered in London, UK. The firm was founded in 1986 and is a subsidiary of Jefferies Holdings II Ltd., ultimately held by Jefferies Financial Group, Inc. (NYSE: JEF) in the US. JIL provides broking services to various investors.

Ambrosia Capital Ltd. provides investment research. The private company is based in London, UK. and has subsidiaries in Greece. Ambrosia Capital was founded in 2012.

Oxed Ltd. is an education services provider founded in 2017.