Jacqueline Zhang

Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) is the government authority in Hong Kong which was established in 1993 by merging the Office of the Exchange Fund with the Office of the Commissioner of Banking. The HKMA reports to the Financial Secretary and is responsible for maintaining Hong Kong's monetary and banking stability. Based in Hong Kong, the Authority aims to keep the Hong Kong dollar stable by managing the Exchange Fund (Hong Kong's official reserves) in a sound and effective way, to promote the safety of Hong Kong's banking system and to develop Hong Kong's financial infrastructure to enable money to flow smoothly, freely and without obstruction. The Exchange Fund's statutory roles include affecting the exchange value of the currency of Hong Kong and maintaining the stability and integrity of the monetary and financial systems, with a view to maintaining Hong Kong as an international financial center. The HKMA manages the Exchange Fund, ensuring that the fund meets its statutory roles and actively managing the fund's assets, mainly held in the form of foreign denominated interest-bearing instruments and equities. To meet the operational needs of the Government, part of the Exchange Fund is also held in Hong Kong dollar denominated securities. The Exchange Fund is managed as two distinct portfolios. The first is a Backing Portfolio to ensure that the monetary base related to the Currency Board operations is fully backed by highly liquid, short-term U.S. dollar denominated interest-bearing securities. The second is an Investment Portfolio to preserve the fund's value for future generations in Hong Kong.

Warburg Pincus Asia LLC is a private equity firm founded in 1994 headquartered at Hong Kong.

The Hong Kong Mortgage Corp. Ltd. engages in the provision of mortgage services. It offers mortgage insurance, reverse mortgage, policy reverse mortgage, microfinance scheme, small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) financing guarantee scheme, mortgage purchase, funding, mortgage-backed securitization, and infrastructure financing and securitization. The company was founded in March 1997 and is headquartered in Hong Kong.

Hong Kong Note Printing Ltd. engages in production of Hong Kong dollar currency notes. The company is headquartered in Hong Kong.

H-K Acquisition Corp. is a special purpose acquisition company. It was formed for the purpose of conducting an acquisition of, or a business combination with, one or more companies or operating businesses. The company was founded on January 26, 2022 and is headquartered in Hong Kong.

Merrill Lynch Far East Ltd. is the stockbroking subsidiary of Merrill Lynch HK Services Ltd., ultimately owned by Bank of America Corp. (NYSE: BAC) in the US. Headquartered in Hong Kong, the firm was founded in 2003 and offers a broad range of brokerage services to institutional investors.

Standard Chartered Securities (Hong Kong) Ltd. (Standard Chartered HK) is the brokerage subsidiary of Hong Kong-based Standard Chartered Bank (Hong Kong) Ltd., which is owned by Standard Chartered Plc (LON: STAN), a multinational banking and financial services company headquartered in London, UK. Standard Chartered HK offers online securities trading services.

International Journal of Central Banking engages in economic research journal. The Company is headquartered in Frankfurt, Germany.